P007888 revised AU-VU:EOAS Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation

All key entry types: Awards; Concepts; Corporate Bodies (Organisations); Cultural Artefacts; People; etc

These key entries are listed separately below with other indexes and lists.

 English AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules Theme created 2025-10-24 human Gavan McCarthy updated 2025-11-14 human https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P007888b.htm concept Nobel Laureates Australia AACR2 1901 Start Place Australia Award The Nobel Prizes were first awarded in 1901 and the first Australians to be awarded a prize were William Henry Bragg and his son William Lawrence Bragg in 1915 for their work on X-Ray crystallography. Australians have won Nobel Prizes in Physics; Physiology or Medicine; Chemistry; Literature (Patrick White 1973); and Peace (International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) 2007; International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) 2017). Other Nobel laureates are also included within this Encyclopdia, as some of their related archival records are in Australia.

From the Nobel Prize website:

"When the inventor, entrepreneur and businessman Alfred Nobel died, his will stated that his fortune was to be used to reward "those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Nobel's prize would reward outstanding efforts in the fields that he was most involved in during his lifetime: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace.

After his death, a long process began to realise his vision and the first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901. In 1969, a new prize was established - the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Its addition was an exception, to celebrate the tercentenary of Sweden's central bank.

In October every year the new Nobel Prizes and laureates are announced."

1915 1915 Award - Nobel Prize in Physics - William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg (jointly) - for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays 1945 1945 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Howard Florey (jointly with Alexander Fleming and Ernst Boris Chain) - for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 1947 1947 Award - Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Robert Robinson - for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids 1960 1960 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Frank Macfarlane Burnet (jointly with Peter Brian Medawar) - for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance 1963 1963 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - John Eccles (jointly with Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Fielding Huxley) - for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane 1964 1964 Award - Nobel Prize in Physics - Aleksandr Prokhorov (jointly with Charles Hard Townes and Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov) - for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle 1970 1970 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Bernad Katz (jointly with Ulf von Euler and Julius Axelrod) - for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation 1975 1975 Award - Nobel Prize in Chemistry - John Cornforth (shared with Vladimir Prelog) - for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions 1996 1996 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Peter Doherty (jointly with Rolf M Zinkernagel) - for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence 2005 2005 Award - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Barry Marshall and Robin Warren (jointly) - for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease 2007 2007 Award - Nobel Peace Prize - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change [Barrie Pittock, Graham Farquhar, Brian Walker and John Church were IPCC members] 2009 2009 Award - Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine - Elizabeth Blackburn (jointly with Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak) - for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase 2011 2011 Award - Nobel Prize in Physics - Brian Schmidt (jointly with Saul Perlmutter and Adam G. Riess) - for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae 2017 2017 Award - Nobel Peace Prize - International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) [founded in Melbourne, Australia in 2007] - for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons 2025 2025 Award - Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Richard Robson (jointly with Susumu Kitagawa, and Omar M. Yaghi) - for the development of metal-organic frameworks Schmidt, Brian Paul (1967 - ) Bragg, William Lawrence (Lawrence) (1890 - 1971) Florey, Howard Walter (1898 - 1968) Burnet, Frank Macfarlane (1899 - 1985) Eccles, John Carew (1903 - 1997) Prokhorov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich (1916 - 2002) Katz, Bernard (1911 - 2003) Cornforth, John Warcup (1917 - 2013) Doherty, Peter Charles (1940 - ) Warren, John Robin (Robin) (1937 - 2024) Bragg, William Henry (1862 - 1942) Blackburn, Elizabeth Helen (1948 - ) Robson, Richard (1937 - ) Robinson, Robert (1886 - 1975) International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (2006 - ) Marshall, Barry James (1951 - ) Ruff, Tilman (1955 - )

Member, International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons

 Pittock, Albert (Barrie) (1938 - )

Member, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

 Nobel (Australasia) Ltd (1898? - 1926) Nobel Industries Ltd Nobel's Explosives Company Ltd Farquhar, Graham Douglas (1947 - )

Member, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

 Walker, Brian Harrison (1940 - )

Member, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

 Church, John Alexander (1951 - )

Member, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

 'Nobel Laureates', in Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation, Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology Nobel Laureates Swinburne University of Technology, Centre for Transformative Innovation Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation Resource: Nobel Australians Australian Academy of Science Nobel Australians Australian Academy of Science 2025 Book: Australia's Nobel Laureates : adventures in innovation 1915-1996 Keeney, John [editor in chief]; Cribb, Julian Australia's Nobel Laureates : adventures in innovation 1915-1996 Roseville, NSW ETN Communications Pty Ltd 2004 Book: Australia's Nobel Laureates. vol III : state of our innovation nation : 2021 and beyond Brescia, Paul [Managing Editor] Australia's Nobel Laureates. vol III : state of our innovation nation : 2021 and beyond Roseville, New South Wales One Mandate Group 2021 Book: Nobel Prize Laureates and Australia to 2000 Webling, A. D'a.; and Webling, D. D'a. Nobel Prize Laureates and Australia to 2000 Canberra A. and D. Webling 2000 Book: Australia's Nobel Laureates - adventures in innovation Beale, R Australia's Nobel Laureates - adventures in innovation Sydney ABIE Australian Business and Investment Explorer 2004 Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996 'for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence' The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996 'for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 'for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation' The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 'for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 'for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane' The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 'for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 'for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance' The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 'for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 'for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases' The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 'for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 'for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle' The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 'for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 'for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays' The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 'for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975 awarded (jointly) to John Warcup Conforth 'for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions' The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975 awarded (jointly) to John Warcup Conforth 'for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions' Stockholm, Sweden Nobel Prize Outreach 2025 2025 The Nobel Prize Nobel Media Resource Section: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947 'for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids' The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947 'for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids' 1996 Nobel e-Museum The Nobel Foundation Resource Section: The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 was awarded jointly to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. 'for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change' The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 was awarded jointly to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. 'for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change' Stockholm, Sweden Nobel Prize Outreach 2025 2025 The Nobel Prize Nobel Media