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<abstract>Robert Menzies was Prime Minister of Australia from 1939 to 1941 and from 1949 to 1966. During his time in office he contributed greatly to the expansion of Australia's scientific community and scientific research. One of his main achievements was the massive expansion of the CSIRO. Menzies was appointed Prime Minister for the second time just after the legislation was passed to change the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) into the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation). He and his government oversaw the CSIRO budget rise from $4.0 million in 1948/49 to nearly $41.0 million in 1965/66. His other contributions include being instrumental in the development and funding of the Australian Academy of Science; the amalgamation of the Canberra University College with the Australian National University; and the partial funding of the Anglo-Australian Telescope in Parkes, New South Wales.</abstract>
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