P000514 revised AU-VU:EOAS Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation

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 English AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules Person created 1993-10-20 human Gavan McCarthy [P004098] and Helen Cohn updated 2026-01-13 human https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000514b.htm person Huxley Thomas Henry FRS AACR2 4 May 1825 29 June 1895 Place of Birth Ealing, Middlesex, England Place of Death Eastbourne, England Biologist Anthropologist Thomas Huxley was assistant surgeon and naturalist in Australia and surrounding waters from 1846 to 1850 on board H.M.S. Rattlesnake. His fellow naturalist on board was John MacGillivray. Owen Stanley, in command of Rattlesnake, had orders to survey of a safe passage through the Great Barrier Reef in continuation of the work of Francis Blackwood in H.M.S. Fly. Despite lacking adequate facilities, Huxley and MacGillivray made considerable collections of biological specimens. Huxley, who in his later career became renowned for his expertise in comparative morphology, worked on marine invertebrates during the voyage and after returning to London. His pioneering studies, based on these specimens, resulted in papers on the morphology of cephalopods, brachiopods and rotifers, and revolutionised the classification of Medusae and Tunicata. In his later career Huxley played a central role in scientific circles in the United Kingdom. Among the numerous scientific societies of which he was President was the Royal Society. He is perhaps best known as a staunch supporter of Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution. December 1846 1850 Career position - Assistant surgeon and naturalist, H.M.S. Rattlesnake 1850 1850 Education - Passed first MB examination, University of London 1851 1895 Award - Fellow, The Royal Society, London (FRS) 1852 1852 Award - Royal Medal, The Royal Society, London 1854 1885 Career position - Professor of Natural History, Royal School of Mines, London 1855 Career position - Naturalist, Geological Survey of Great Britain 1855 1858 Career position - Fullerian Professor, Royal Institute, London 1865 1867 Career position - Hunterian Professor, Royal College of Surgeons of England 1868 1870 Career position - President, Geological Society, London 1869 Award - Member, American Philosophical Society 1869 1870 Career position - President, British Association for the Advancement of Science 1876 1876 Award - Wollaston Medal, Geological Society, London 1878 1878 Career position - President, Queckett Microscopical Society 1880 1880 Award - Clarke Medal, Royal Society of New South Wales 1881 1885 Career position - Inspector of Fisheries, United Kingdom 1883 1885 Career position - President, Royal Society of London 1884 1890 Career position - President. Marine Biological Association 1888 1888 Award - Copley Medal, The Royal Society, London 1890 1890 Award - Linnean Medal, Linnean Society, London 1892 1895 Career position - Privy Councillor 1893 1893 Award - Hayden Memorial Geological Award, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, U.S.A. 1894 1894 Award - Darwin Medal, Royal Society of London Darwin, Charles Robert (1809 - 1882) Stanley, Owen (1811 - 1850) MacGillivray, John (1821 - 1867) Australian Joint Copying Project, National Library of Australia; and State Library of New South Wales (1945 - 1993)

AJCP M876 - M916

 Clarke Medal, Royal Society of New South Wales (1878 - )

Awarded the Medal 1880

 H.M.S. Rattlesnake, Royal Navy (1822 - 1860)

Assistant surgeon and naturalist December 1846 - November 1850

 Bonwick, James (1817 - 1906)

Associate

Wikidata

VIAF - Virtual International Authority File

 Huxley, Thomas Henry (1825-1895)

Trove

 'Huxley, Thomas Henry', in Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation, Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology Huxley, Thomas Henry Swinburne University of Technology, Centre for Transformative Innovation Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation Book: From the edge: Australia's lost histories McKenna, Mark From the edge: Australia's lost histories Melbourne The Miegunyah Press (University of Melbourne Publishing Ltd) 2016 Book Section: Huxley, Thomas Henry (1825-1895), biologist, anthropologist and philosopher Mozley, Ann Huxley, Thomas Henry (1825-1895), biologist, anthropologist and philosopher Melbourne Melbourne University Press 1966 Australian dictionary of biography, volume 1: 1788 - 1850 A-H Douglas Pike 577-578 Resource Section: Huxley, Thomas Henry - Ms 134 Huxley, Thomas Henry - Ms 134 Australian Academy of Science 1994 Listing of Adolph Basser Library holdings Book: T. H. Huxley's diary of the voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake Huxley, T. H.: edited from the unpublished MS by Julian Huxley T. H. Huxley's diary of the voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake London Chatto and Windus 1935 Book: The oceanic Hydrozoa: a description of the Calycophoridae and Physophoridae observed during the voyage of H.M.S. "Rattlesnake", in the years 1846 - 1850 Huxley, T. H. The oceanic Hydrozoa: a description of the Calycophoridae and Physophoridae observed during the voyage of H.M.S. "Rattlesnake", in the years 1846 - 1850 London Ray Society 1859 Book: Collected essays Huxley, T. H. Collected essays London Mcmillan 1893-1894 Journal Article: Joseph Beete Jukes Huxley, T. H. Joseph Beete Jukes 1870 Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London 26 xxxii-xxxiv Journal Article: On the anatomy and affinities of the family Medusae Huxley, T. H. On the anatomy and affinities of the family Medusae 1849 Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society 139 413-34 Book: Darwin's Armada McCalman, Iain, Darwin's Armada Camberwell (Vic.) Viking 2009 Book Section: Gorilla Warfare in Melbourne: Halford, Huxley and 'Man's Place in Nature' Butcher, Barry W. Gorilla Warfare in Melbourne: Halford, Huxley and 'Man's Place in Nature' Sydney Cambridge University Press 1988 Australian Science in the Making R. W. Home 153-169 Review: Australian journal of biography and history Way, Amy 2025 Australian journal of biography and history 9 217-20 Book: Thomas Henry Huxley's Diary of the Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake Huxley, J. Thomas Henry Huxley's Diary of the Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake London 1935 Review: Australian Historical Studies Russell, Lynette 2025 Australian Historical Studies 56 1 171-2 Journal Article: Science at Home: the Space between Henrietta Heathorn and Thomas Huxley White, Paul Science at Home: the Space between Henrietta Heathorn and Thomas Huxley 1996 History of Science 34 1 33-56 Thesis: On such a full sea: John MacGillivray (1821 - 1867) Jensen, Sophie Alice On such a full sea: John MacGillivray (1821 - 1867) Australian National University 2010 Journal Article: Losing it in New Guinea: the Voyage of HMS Rattlesnake Goodman, Jordan Losing it in New Guinea: the Voyage of HMS Rattlesnake 2005 Endeavour 29 60-5 Book: Behind the picture: H.M.S. Rattlesnake's New Guinea cruise, 1846 to 1850 Bassett, Marnie Behind the picture: H.M.S. Rattlesnake's New Guinea cruise, 1846 to 1850 Melbourne Oxford University Press 1966 Edited Book: The scientific memoirs of Thomas Henry Huxley Foster, M.; and Lankester, E. Ray The scientific memoirs of Thomas Henry Huxley London MacMillan 1900- Book: Life and letters of Thomas Henry Huxley Huxley, L. Life and letters of Thomas Henry Huxley London Macmillan 1900 Book: Scientist extraordinary: the life and scientific works of Thomas Henry Huxley, 1825 - 1895 Bibby, Cyril Scientist extraordinary: the life and scientific works of Thomas Henry Huxley, 1825 - 1895 Oxford Pergamon 1972 Book: Thomas Huxley: making the "Man of Science" White, Paul Thomas Huxley: making the "Man of Science" Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2002 Book: The Rattlesnake: a Voyage of Discovery to the Coral Sea Goodman, Jordan The Rattlesnake: a Voyage of Discovery to the Coral Sea London Faber and Faber 2005 Review: Social History of Medicine Mills, Beth 2024 Social History of Medicine 37 3 675-7 Book: Owen's ape and Darwin's bulldog: beyond Darwinism and Creationism Cosans, Christopher E. Owen's ape and Darwin's bulldog: beyond Darwinism and Creationism Bloomington, Indiana Indiana University Press 2009 Book: Curious Minds: the Discoveries of Australian Naturalists MacInnis, Peter Curious Minds: the Discoveries of Australian Naturalists Canberra National Library of Australia 2012 Book: Darwin and Huxley in Australia Marshall, A. J. Darwin and Huxley in Australia Sydney Hodder and Stoughton 1970 Review: Isis Rose, Edwin D. 2024 Isis 115 3 676-7 Book: The Huxleys: an intimate history of evolution Bashford, Alison The Huxleys: an intimate history of evolution Chicago, Illinois University of Chicago Press 2022 Journal Article: Mr Miles, Mr Oldfield and Professor Huxley: early thoughts on the origins of the Australians Murray, Tim Mr Miles, Mr Oldfield and Professor Huxley: early thoughts on the origins of the Australians 2023 Bulletin of the history of archaeology 33 1 1-12 Journal Article: Mr Miles, Mr Oldfield and Professor Huxley: early thoughts on the origins of the Australians Murray, Tim Mr Miles, Mr Oldfield and Professor Huxley: early thoughts on the origins of the Australians 2023 Bulletin of the history of archaeology 33 1 1-12 Book: T.H. Huxley's place in natural science Di Gregorio, Mario A. T.H. Huxley's place in natural science New Haven, Connecticut Yale University Press 1984 Book Section: Stanley, Owen (1811-1850), naval officer West, Francis Stanley, Owen (1811-1850), naval officer Melbourne Melbourne University Press 1967 Australian dictionary of biography, volume 2: 1788 - 1850 I-Z Douglas Pike 470-471 Book: Owen Stanley, R.N., 1811 - 1850, captain of the Rattlesnake Lubbock, Adelaide Owen Stanley, R.N., 1811 - 1850, captain of the Rattlesnake Melbourne: London Heinemann 1968 Book: The Great Barrier Reef: History, Science, Heritage Bowen, James; Bowen, Margarita The Great Barrier Reef: History, Science, Heritage Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2002 Book: A very secret trade: the dark story of gentlemen collectors in Tasmania Pybus, Cassandra A very secret trade: the dark story of gentlemen collectors in Tasmania Sydney Allen & Unwin 2024 Journal Article: Australian museums, Aboriginal skeletal remains, and the imagining of human evolutionary history Turnbull, Paul Australian museums, Aboriginal skeletal remains, and the imagining of human evolutionary history 2015 Museum & society 13 1 72-87 Thomas Henry Huxley - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Thomas Henry Huxley - Records FM 4/216 1846 - 1850 Diary of the voyage of the "Rattlesnake" 1846-50 (typescript copy); selected papers and drawings (1 reel of microfilm copied from the originals in the Unwin Library of City and Guilds College, London). Includes letters to N. Mikluho-Maklai. Microfilm Thomas Henry Huxley - Pictures National Library of Australia Pictures Collection Thomas Henry Huxley - Pictures PIC R449 LOC1112 1946 'Huxley's idea of himself'. Pencil drawing by Owen Stanley. 1 drawing Artwork Thomas Henry Huxley - Pictures National Library of Australia Pictures Collection Thomas Henry Huxley - Pictures PIC R449 LOC1111 1847 Sketch of Dr. Huxley Botany Bay, Sydney, 1947. Pencil drawing by Owen Stanley. 1 drawing Artwork Thomas Henry Huxley - Records John Oxley Library, Manuscripts and Business Records Collection, State Library of Queensland Thomas Henry Huxley - Records OM82-2 1847 - 1848 Photocopies of three letters written from Queensland to Henrietta Heathorn 1847-48, from originals in the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London [6 pages, OM82-2]. 6 pages Thomas Henry Huxley - Records State Library of Victoria, Australian Manuscripts Collection Thomas Henry Huxley - Records M876-916 1825 - 1895 Microfilm of various records from the archives of the Imperial College of Science and Technology, many dealing with Australian Aborigines c1825-95 [AJCP 41 reels positive microfilm M876-916]. 41 reels Microform Thomas Henry Huxley - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Thomas Henry Huxley - Records A4000 c. 1953 - c. 1956 List of the records and drawings at the Unwin Library compiled c1953-56. Microform Thomas Henry Huxley - Records National Library of Australia Manuscript Collection Thomas Henry Huxley - Records Mfm M876-916 1825 - 1895 Microfilm copy of the papers of T.H. Huxley, held by the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, including scientific notebooks, drawings, correspondence and other records. 41 reels Microfilm Thomas Henry Huxley - Records Adolph Basser Library, Australian Academy of Science Thomas Henry Huxley - Records MS 134 1851 - 1971 Testimonials of Huxley in relation to his application for the Chair of Natural History, University of Toronto 1851; copy of an audiotape of an interview with Sir Leonard Huxley (distant cousin) 1971 (original held by the National Library of Australia) and part of a transcript. 0.02 m Audio Linnean Society of London - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Linnean Society of London - Records FM 4/2699 1792 - 1870 Correspondence, 1805-1870, and manuscripts, 1792-1861. Microfilm G. H. Inskip - Records National Library of Australia Manuscript Collection G. H. Inskip - Records MS 3784 1849 - 1950 Journal kept from 8 March 1849 until 3 November 1850. For much of this period Inskip served on HMS Bramble, the tender to the Rattlesnake. 260 pages James Thomas Stanton - Records National Library of Australia Manuscript Collection James Thomas Stanton - Records MS 4029 1849 - 1951 Log of the proceedings of Her majesty's surveying ship "Rattlesnake", captained by Owen Stanley; log kept by James Thomas Stanton, midshipman, commencing Wednesday 2 May 1849 and ending Wednesday 13 March 1850. The log was complied during a survey of the eastern coast of Australia, from Port Jackson to Cape York and the southern coast of New Guinea. 1 volume William Henry Archer - Records National Library of Australia Manuscript Collection William Henry Archer - Records MS 264 1847 - 1866 48 Letters from a number of correspondents including: John Pascoe Fawkner, Carboni Raffaello, Rev. Patrick Smyth, Robert Hoddle, C.J. Tyers, Sir R.R. Torrens, F. Mueller, William Hovell and Owen Stanley concerning explorations, latitudes, the Eureka Stockade, meteorology, registration systems, Aborigines and other matters 1847-66. 0.03 m, 2 folders