P000312 revised AU-VU:EOAS Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation

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 English AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules Person created 1993-10-20 human Gavan McCarthy [P004098] and Helen Cohn updated 2026-03-26 human https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000312b.htm person Clarke William Branwhite FRS AACR2 2 June 1798 16 June 1878 Place of Birth East Bergholt, Suffolk, England Place of Death Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Geologist Minister of religion William Clarke, a member of the Anglican Clergy, was an active geologist and a leading scientific figure in colonial New South Wales. In 1851-1853 he was Geological Surveyor of New South Wales and reported on the southern and northern goldfields of the colony. While recognised as the discoverer of gold in New South Wales, his most important contribution to Australian geology was his research into the stratigraphy of coal deposits in the colony, work which brought him into conflict with Frederick McCoy in Victoria. Clarke was a prolific correspondent with overseas scientists, particularly Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison whom he had known before coming to Australia. Besides his geological reports, Clarke published over 80 other scientific papers and was a major contributor on scientific subjects for local newspapers. He played a leading role in the affairs of the Royal Society of New South Wales, and for 20 years was a Trustee of the Australian Museum. His extensive collection of fossils and mineral specimens, acquired by the New South Wales Government, was destroyed by fire in 1882. The Clarke Medal, for meritorious contributions to the natural sciences, has been awarded annually by the Royal Society of New South Wales since 1878. The Clarke Memorial Lecture is delivered usually every alternate year at a meeting of the Society, and published in the Society's journal. 1821 1821 Education - Bachelor of Arts (BA), Jesus College, University of Cambridge 1823 1823 Life event - Ordained as a priest in the Anglican Church 1824 1824 Education - Master of Arts (MA), Jesus College, University of Cambridge 1826 1878 Award - Fellow, Geological Society of London 1839 1839 Life event - Arrived in New South Wales as Chaplain for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel 1841 1843 Career position - Secretary and Curator, Australian Museum 1846 1871 Career position - Minister, St Thomas's Church, North Sydney 1850 1856 Career position - Member, Australian Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Science, Commerce and Agriculture 1851 1853 Career position - Geological Surveyor, New South Wales Government 1853 1873 Career position - Trustee, Australian Museum 1858 1866 Career position - Vice-President, Philosophical Society of New South Wales 1866 1878 Career position - Senior Vice-President, Royal Society of New South Wales 1871 1871 Life event - Retired from the ministry 1876 1878 Award - Fellow, The Royal Society, London (FRS) 1877 1877 Award - Murchison Medal, Geological Society of London Jukes, Joseph Beete (1811 - 1869) Moore, Charles (1814 - 1881) Dana, James Dwight (1813 - 1895)

Explored the Illawarra district together 1839 - 1840

 Clarke Medal, Royal Society of New South Wales (1878 - )

The Royal Society of New South Wales has awarded the Medal since 1878

 Australian Museum (1827 - )

Secretary and curator 1841 - 1843

 Royal Society of New South Wales (1866 - )

Senior Vice-President 1866 - 1878

 Philosophical Society of New South Wales (1856 - 1866)

Vice-President 1858 - 1866

 Australian Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Science, Commerce and Agriculture (1850 - 1856)

Member 1850 - 1856

Wikidata

VIAF - Virtual International Authority File

 Clarke, W B (1798-1878)

Trove

 'Clarke, William Branwhite', in Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation, Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology Clarke, William Branwhite Swinburne University of Technology, Centre for Transformative Innovation Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation Journal Article: Astronomical and Meteorological Workers in New South Wales, 1778-1860 Russell, H.C. Astronomical and Meteorological Workers in New South Wales, 1778-1860 Sydney, NSW Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science 1888 Report of the first meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science 1 45-94 Book Section: William Branwhite Clarke, 1798-1878 Moyal, Ann William Branwhite Clarke, 1798-1878 Oxford Oxford University Press 2004 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Review: Historical Records of Australian Science Home, R. W. 2005 Historical Records of Australian Science 16 1 107-111 Journal Article: ". . . A Small Fish in a Small Pond . . . ": the Reverend W.B. Clarke (1798-1878): 200 Years on [Series of Parts] Part 1 Organ, Michael ". . . A Small Fish in a Small Pond . . . ": the Reverend W.B. Clarke (1798-1878): 200 Years on [Series of Parts] Part 1 1998 Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 131 3-4 101-112 Resource Section: Clarke, William Branwhite - Ms 28 Clarke, William Branwhite - Ms 28 Australian Academy of Science 1994 Listing of Adolph Basser Library holdings Journal Article: The Foundations of the Geological Survey of New South Wales Mozley, A. The Foundations of the Geological Survey of New South Wales 1965 Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales 98 2 91-100 Book Section: Clarke, William Branwhite (1798-1878), geologist and Anglican clergyman Mozley, Ann Clarke, William Branwhite (1798-1878), geologist and Anglican clergyman Melbourne Melbourne University Press 1969 Australian dictionary of biography, volume 3: 1851 - 1890 A-C Douglas Pike 420-422 Conference Paper: Notes on the 1849 and 1855 W. B. Clarke Collections in the Sedgewick Museum Cambridge Wright, A. J. Notes on the 1849 and 1855 W. B. Clarke Collections in the Sedgewick Museum Cambridge Sydney International Commission on the History of Geological Sciences 1994 Useful and Curious Geological Enquiries Beyond the World: Pacific-Asia Historical Themes: The 19th International INHIGEO Symposium, Sydney, Australia, 4-8 July, 1994 D. F. Branagan and G. H. McNally 181-191 Conference Paper: With Pen and Hammer: the Correspondence of Rev. W. B. Clarke Moyal, A. With Pen and Hammer: the Correspondence of Rev. W. B. Clarke Sydney International Commission on the History of Geological Sciences 1994 Useful and Curious Geological Enquiries Beyond the World: Pacific-Asia Historical Themes: The 19th International INHIGEO Symposium, Sydney, Australia, 4-8 July, 1994 D. F. Branagan and G. H. McNally 172-180 Journal Article: Rev. W.B. Clarke, MA, FRS, FGS, FRGS, the father of Australian geology Jervis, James Rev. W.B. Clarke, MA, FRS, FGS, FRGS, the father of Australian geology 1944 Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society 30 vi 345-457 Journal Article: On the Ores of Mercury Clarke, W.B. On the Ores of Mercury Sydney Waugh 1859 The Sydney Magazine of Science and Art, contg. the proceedings of Aust. Hort.& Agric.Soc., and The Phil Soc. NSW 2 170-173 Book: Eucalypts: a Celebration Wrigley, J.; and Fagg, M. Eucalypts: a Celebration Crows Nest Australia Allen & Unwin 2010

Source used to compile entry

 Journal Article: W. B. Clarke as Scientific Journalist Organ, Michael W. B. Clarke as Scientific Journalist 1992 Historical Records of Australian Science 9 1 1-16 Journal Article: Annivesary address Clarke, W. B. Annivesary address 1871 Transactions of the Royal Society of New South Wales [4] 1-48 Journal Article: Remarks on professor McCoy's commentary Clarke, W. B. Remarks on professor McCoy's commentary 186 Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria 5 209-14 Book: The Web of Science: the Scientific Correspondence of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, Australia's Pioneer Geologist Clarke, W. B. (edited by Ann Moyal) The Web of Science: the Scientific Correspondence of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, Australia's Pioneer Geologist Kew Australian Scholarly Publishing 2003 Journal Article: Inaugural Address to the Royal Society, delivered at its first meeting, 9th July, 1867 Clarke, W. B. Inaugural Address to the Royal Society, delivered at its first meeting, 9th July, 1867 1868 Transactions of the Royal Society of New South Wales 1 1-27 Book Section: The Fuss About Coal: Troubled Relations between Palaeonbotany and Geology Vallance, T. G. The Fuss About Coal: Troubled Relations between Palaeonbotany and Geology Sydney Academic Press 1981 Plants and Man in Australia D. J. Carr and S. G. M. Carr 136-76 Review: Australian Book Review Oldroyd, David 2004 Australian Book Review 263 August 47-48 Journal Article: McCoy and Clarke: their dispute over the age of Australia's black coal Pierson, Roger McCoy and Clarke: their dispute over the age of Australia's black coal 2001 The Victorian naturalist 118 219-25 Journal Article: Friends, Savants and Founders: W.B. Clarke and J.D. Dana Moyal, Ann Friends, Savants and Founders: W.B. Clarke and J.D. Dana 2012 Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 145 54-8 Journal Article: Quidron Mineral Field, NSW: an Intriguing Discovery of W. B. Clarke McQueen, Ken Quidron Mineral Field, NSW: an Intriguing Discovery of W. B. Clarke 2009 Journal of Australasian Mining History 7 74-99 Book Section: Some Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Australian Geological Clerics Branagan, David F. Some Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Australian Geological Clerics London Geological Society of London 2009 Geology and Religion: a History of Harmony and Hostility 171-96 Review: Archives of Natural History Darragh, Thomas A. 2005 Archives of Natural History 32 124-5 Journal Article: Reverend W. B. Clarke, "the Father of Australian Geology", on the Origin of Valleys Young, R. W. Reverend W. B. Clarke, "the Father of Australian Geology", on the Origin of Valleys 2007 Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 54 1 127-134 Journal Article: Dr William Branwhite Clarke's contribution to finding the first gold in north Queensland 1851 - 1867 Brumby, Michael Dr William Branwhite Clarke's contribution to finding the first gold in north Queensland 1851 - 1867 2019 Queensland history journal 24 2 197-212 Book Section: Early advances in observing eclipses Lomb, Nick Early advances in observing eclipses Clayton South, Vic. CSIRO Publishing 2023 Eclipse chasers Lomb, Nick; and Stevenson, Toner 25-53 Journal Article: Note on the Rev. Mr Clarke's "Remarks", &c. McCoy, Frederick Note on the Rev. Mr Clarke's "Remarks", &c. 1861 Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria 5 215-7 Journal Article: A commentary on "A communication made by the Rev. W. B. Clarke to his Excellency Sir Henry Barkly, K.C.B., &c., President of the Royal Society of Victoria, on Professor McCoy's new Taeniopteris", &c., &c. McCoy, Frederick A commentary on "A communication made by the Rev. W. B. Clarke to his Excellency Sir Henry Barkly, K.C.B., &c., President of the Royal Society of Victoria, on Professor McCoy's new <span style="font-style:italic">Taeniopteris</span>", &c., &c. 1861 Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria 5 96-107 Journal Article: Natural selection and the "antiquity of man": intellectual impacts in the Australian colonies Way, Amy Natural selection and the "antiquity of man": intellectual impacts in the Australian colonies 2021 Studies in history and philosophy of science 90 308-20 Journal Article: Australian eclipses: three "men of science" and the Sydney eclipse of 1857 Lomb, Nick Australian eclipses: three "men of science" and the Sydney eclipse of 1857 2021 Journal of astronomical history and heritage 24 3 619-28 Journal Article: The Rev. W. B. Clarke, M.A., F.R.S., the nestor of australian philosophers Warung, P. The Rev. W. B. Clarke, M.A., F.R.S., the nestor of australian philosophers 1895 Cosmos: an illustrated Australian magazine 1 533-9 Journal Article: The scientific legacy of the Rev. W. B. Clarke Young, R. W. The scientific legacy of the Rev. W. B. Clarke 2017 Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales 150 2 195-206 Journal Article: Bibliography of the Reverend W. B. Clarke Organ, M. K. Bibliography of the Reverend W. B. Clarke 1994 Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 127 85-134 Journal Article: Creative foundations: the Royal Society of New South Wales, 1867 and 2017 Moyal, Ann Creative foundations: the Royal Society of New South Wales, 1867 and 2017 2017 Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales 150 2 232-45 Book: This wonderfully strange country: Rev. W. B. Clarke, colonial scientist Young, Robert This wonderfully strange country: Rev. W. B. Clarke, colonial scientist Thirroul, N.S.W. Robert young 2015 Resource: Australian geology hall of fame Geological Society of Australia Australian geology hall of fame Earth Sciences History Group, Geological Society of Australia 2022 ESHG Biographies Book Section: Organizing Science Under the Southern Cross MacLeod, Roy Organizing Science Under the Southern Cross Melbourne Oxford University Press 1988 The Commonwealth of Science: ANZAAS and the Scientific Enterprise in Australasia, 1888-1988 Roy MacLeod 19-39 Book: A science of our own: exhibitions and the rise of Australian public science Hoffenberg, Peter H. A science of our own: exhibitions and the rise of Australian public science Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Press 2018 Edited Book: Eclipse chasers Lomb, Nick; and Stevenson, Toner Eclipse chasers Clayton South, Vic CSIRO Publishing 2023 Book Section: "The Whole Great Continent as a Present": Nineteenth-century Australian Women Workers in Science Maroske, Sara "The Whole Great Continent as a Present": Nineteenth-century Australian Women Workers in Science Melbourne Text Publishing Company 1993 On the Edge of Discovery: Australian Women in Science Farley Kelly 13-34 Book: Dictionary of Australian biography Serle, Percival Dictionary of Australian biography Sydney Angus & Robertson 1949 Journal Article: Pioneers and leaders - a record of Australian palaeontology in the nineteenth century Vallance, T. G. Pioneers and leaders - a record of Australian palaeontology in the nineteenth century 1978 Alcheringa 2 243-50 Journal Article: Centenary oration: the challenge to science, 1866; the challenge of science, 1966, part 1 Elkin, A. P. Centenary oration: the challenge to science, 1866; the challenge of science, 1966, part 1 1966 Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales 100 3/4 105-18 Resource: Science and the making of Victoria Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre Science and the making of Victoria 2001 Journal Article: The scientists and Darwin's The origin of species in nineteenth century Australia: a re-evaluation Moyal, Ann: with Robert E. Marks The scientists and Darwin's <span style="font-style:italic">The origin of species</span> in nineteenth century Australia: a re-evaluation 2019 Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 152 1 5-26 Journal Article: Encounters with Charles Hartt, Louis Agassiz and the diamonds of Bahia: the geological activities of the Reverend Charles Grenfell Nicolay in Brazil, 1858-1869 Downes, Peter, McNamara, Kenneth and Bevan, Alex Encounters with Charles Hartt, Louis Agassiz and the diamonds of Bahia: the geological activities of the Reverend Charles Grenfell Nicolay in Brazil, 1858-1869 2014 Earth Sciences History 33 1 10-25 Journal Article: The Reverend Charles Grenfell Nicolay and the diamonds of Bahia, Brazil Downes, Peter J.; and Bevan, Alex W. R. The Reverend Charles Grenfell Nicolay and the diamonds of Bahia, Brazil 2012 Earth Sciences History Group Newsletter 43 9-15 Journal Article: A Contribution to a History of the Royal Society of New South Wales, with Information in Regard to Other New South Wales Societies Maiden, J. H. A Contribution to a History of the Royal Society of New South Wales, with Information in Regard to Other New South Wales Societies 1918 Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales lii 215-361 William Branwhite Clarke - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales William Branwhite Clarke - Records ML MSS 141 1846 - 1877 Notebook containing a list of contributions to the Sydney Morning Herald, 16 March 1846 - 16 November 1877; MS Notebook containing Annual Address to the Royal Society of New South Wales by W. B. Clarke, 12 May 1869, and 'Notice of a new fossil gigantic Bird of Australia, now named "Dromornis Australia" (Owen)' by W. B. Clarke, read before the Royal Society of New South Wales, 6 June 1877, printed, with MS additions and corrections; Notebook containing anniversary address to the Royal Society of New South Wales, by W. B. Clarke, presented with MS additions and corrections. Includes material on R. Daintree. 1 box Reverend W.B. Clarke Research Collection University of Wollongong Archives Reverend W.B. Clarke Research Collection D212 1970 - 1980s A collection of photocopies of newspaper articles and publications by, and about, the Reverend W.B. Clarke. Material compiled by Michael Organ. 1.3 m William Branwhite Clarke - Records Fisher Library, Rare Books and Special Collections, University of Sydney William Branwhite Clarke - Records 1852 - 1874 Notebooks containing copies of report to New South Wales government on the northern goldfields 1852-53; copies of miscellaneous letters and scientific papers 1872-74; sketches; scientific equipment and instruments; medals and other relics. William Branwhite Clarke - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales William Branwhite Clarke - Records MS Q371 1839 - 1903 Correspondence 1848-78 including a collection of letters to him 1850-77; notes, poems and other records; overall dates 1839-1903. Clarke Family - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Clarke Family - Records ML MSS 368 1797 - 1954 Includes: papers of William Clarke, 1797-1831 - re family affairs, (MS and printed with MS annotations); papers of W. B. Clarke, 1827-1878 Correspondence 1843-1857, mainly re personal & clerical affairs, including letters from P. G. King and R. J. Childe Miscellaneous papers, 1827-1954, mainly re clerical charges, personal affairs; papers of M. W. S. Clarke 1833-1902 Correspondence, 1833-1902 Miscellaneous papers 1867-1902, include receipts; letters to Georgina Alice Mann 1855-1890 - mainly personal correspondents include her grandmother, Georgina Hely, and Blanche Mitchell; papers of the Mann family, 1855-1884 Correspondence 1859-1884, includes letter from E. H. Hargraves. Miscellaneous papers 1855-1857 include military drawing by Capt. G. K. Mann; miscellaneous papers 1825-1927 -(Contents list); annotated printed material belonging to W. B. Clarke, 1821-1839? - Family Bible, inscribed, 1824 with MS annotations. Maps, 1821-1839? Mainly of Europe, annotated. Pictorial material also held. Includes material on R. Daintree. 1 volume, 2 boxes William Branwhite Clarke - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales William Branwhite Clarke - Records ML MSS 490 1827 - 1951 Papers of W. B. Clarke, 1839-1951, mainly relating to his clerical charges. Also correspondence, 1839-1908, including letters from W. G. Broughton. Papers re St. Thomas' Church. Papers re geology of N.S.W., 1831-1902, including papers re publication of Southern Goldfields. Also account book, list of books etc. Papers of M. W. S. Clarke, 1856-1897. Academic Degrees, 1856-1866; commissions and papers, Volunteer Artillery N.S.W. 1866-1876; miscellaneous papers, 1856-1897, including miner's rights, correspondence and hunting register. Includes material on R. Daintree. 1 volume, 1 box William Branwhite Clarke - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales William Branwhite Clarke - Records ML MSS 454 1827 - 1951 Includes: correspondence and papers, 1835-1934 including 2 letters to Leichhardt, 1844; geological notebooks, 1829-1868 - on geology of Suffolk, Cape Town, Cherbourg and Queensland; miscellaneous papers, 1828-1883 includes material on St. Thomas' Church 1872-1877 and Army Barrack stores, Sydney, 1837-1838. Also maps and pictorial material. Includes material on R. Daintree. 1 volume, 2 boxes William Branwhite Clarke - Records Australian Museum William Branwhite Clarke - Records Series 1 and 6 1841 - 1871 Records relating to Clarke's involvement with Australian Museum as Secretary and Curator 1841-43 and as Trustee until 1874: Trust Minutes [Series 1] and Outwards Letters [Series 6]. Portrait photograph c1860 [Series 160 number 12]. William Branwhite Clarke - Records Adolph Basser Library, Australian Academy of Science William Branwhite Clarke - Records MS 028 1842 - 1876 Microfilm and photocopies of correspondence from the William Branwhite Clarke papers held at the Mitchell Library. 0.05 m Microfilm Clarke Family Papers - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Clarke Family Papers - Records ML MSS 139 1789 - 1879 Records of W.B. Clarke in the Clarke Family Papers 1789-1948: personal records including correspondence 1822-78, diaries 1833-78, financial and legal documents 1818-76, records regarding associations with various societies 1820-77; records dealing with his clerical duties 1821-78; correspondence concerning scientific and personal interests 1819-78 arranged alphabetically by correspondent (20 files); records dealing with geology including field books 1820-72, maps 1824-39, gold exploration and discovery in Australia 1848-69, reports 1829-77, newspaper cuttings 1841-78; records dealing with meteorology including observation notebooks 1824-75, extracts from ships' logs 1841-57, 'Observations on the causes and phenomena of hot and pestiferous winds: especially with the hot winds of Australia' 1839+, records on the Nass Valley, 1843-51, the gale of April 1842, a meteor at Newcastle 1846, solar eclipses 1845-61, newspaper cuttings 1834-66. 60 boxes approx. Microform William Branwhite Clarke - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales William Branwhite Clarke - Records ML MSS 3608 1858 - 1878 Letters received 1858-78 mainly from F. Mueller (manuscript and newspaper cuttings). Caroline Louisa Waring Atkinson - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Caroline Louisa Waring Atkinson - Records A4496-501 1859 - 1908 Correspondence 1859-1908 including letters from W.B. Clarke, W. Woolls, and F. Mueller, manuscript of part of 'A Voice in the Country' published in the "Sydney Morning Herald" 1861-70 and newspaper cuttings on Calvert and Woolls and articles by Mueller [A4496]. Full copy of 'A Voice in the Country' with newspaper cuttings of other articles by Calvert 1861-70 [A4497]. Watercolours of ferns, apparently intended as illustrations for a book on Australian ferns [40 items, A4498]. Calvert sketchbook including sketches and watercolours of Oldbury, birds, plants and butterflies, and practice drawings [A4499]. Calvert sketchbook including watercolours and sketches of scenes [A4500]. Sketches by Calvert and others including five specimen plates for book on Australian animals and birds to be published in Germany [A4501]. Notes by Louisa Calvert; copies of presentation books [ML MSS 3849]. See also uncatalogued materials [Pic Acc 4928]. Ambrotype of Calvert [MIN 180]. 5 volumes Artwork, Photographs Australian Botanists - Biographies Adolph Basser Library, Australian Academy of Science Australian Botanists - Biographies MS 064 Hunt Institute Biographies. Short biographies, averaging 2 pages, of Australian botanists, botanical collectors or artists. 0.24 m, 3 boxes Phillip Parker King - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Phillip Parker King - Records A3599 and on microfilm FM 4/66 1824 - 1855 Correspondence 1824-55 received by King including letters about exploration from T.L. Mitchell, C. Sturt, A. Cunningham, L. Leichhardt, the discovery of gold from W.B. Clarke, R.I. Murchison and P. Strzelecki, and on other subjects from J. Franklin. 363 pages Microfilm Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt - Records C154 and C160 1842 - 1847 Notebooks used by Leichhardt in 1842-1847 mostly in German regarding natural history, books read, remarks made by others especially W. B. Clarke, with copies of letters sent 1846-1847 and a draft manuscript 'Contributions to the geology of Australia'. 0.22 m Linnean Society of London - Records Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection, State Library of New South Wales Linnean Society of London - Records FM 4/2699 1792 - 1870 Correspondence, 1805-1870, and manuscripts, 1792-1861. Microfilm